The role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant therapies in the management of diabetes and hypertension
Keywords:
Lipid profiles, Lipid peroxides, Antioxidant defense, Diabetes, Hypertension, Therapeutic interventions, Cardiovascular healthAbstract
Diabetes and hypertension are two of the most widespread global chronic diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Both of the diseases have a strong link with metabolic disorders and lipid metabolism dysregulation. In this review, we explore the intricate relationship between lipid profiles and lipid peroxides and antioxidant profiles in the etiology of diabetes and hypertension. Both of the diseases have elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol as a commonality in the causation of cardiovascular complications. In addition, oxidative stress in the form of excessive ROS production and subsequent lipid peroxidation hastens the disease process. Dysfunctional antioxidant defense systems in the body in the context of diabetes and hypertension further highlight the need for antioxidant therapies. Recent evidence suggests that lipid-modulating and antioxidant therapies targeting specific pathways may be the key to novel disease prevention and improved cardiovascular outcomes. This review integrates the importance of dissecting such intricate pathways towards the development of successful management and therapy paradigms in an attempt to improve patient outcome and reduce the health burden of such chronic diseases. In addition, we emphasize gaps in the literature and present directions for the exploration of personalized therapy interventions based on lipid and antioxidant imbalance.
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